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Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis
''Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis'', also known as the red-tailed flesh fly,〔Byrd, Jason H. James L. Castner. Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations, CRC Press, 2001
ISBN 0-8493-8120-7, 978-0-8493-8120-1〕 is a fly in the Sarcophagidae family. This fly often breeds in carrion and feces, making it a possible vector for disease. The larvae of this species can cause myiasis, as well as accidental myiasis.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Myiasis )〕 It is potentially useful in forensic entomology.
== Taxonomy ==
''Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis'' was first described by Carl Fredrik Fallén (1764–1830), a Swedish botanist and entomologist, in 1817 during his tenure at Lund University between 1814–1827. Fallén first named this species ''Musca haemorrhoidalis'' in 1817 not knowing that Charles Joseph de Villers〔Villers, C.J. de. 1789. Caroli Linnaei entomologia, faunae suecicae descriptionibus aucta; D. D. Scopoli, Geoffroy, De Geer, Fabricii, Schrank, &c. .... Vol. 3. Piestre et Delamolliere, Lugduni. 656 pp〕 had already named an unrelated species ''Musca haemorrhoidalis'' in 1789. In 1826, Johann Wilhelm Meigen, a German entomologist famous for his pioneering work on Diptera, described the same species that Fallén had described in 1817 as ''Sarcophaga cruentata'' following Meigen's description of the genus ''Sarcophaga''. Since two different species can not share the same name, the ''Sarcophaga cruentata'' that Meigen coined would serve as the species name. According to Wharton,〔Robert Wharton, Ph.D. Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University〕 the exact nomenclature of this species is dynamic and currently has two accepted names: ''Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis'' and ''Bercaea cruentata''. Thomas Pape (), who is considered to be the World's foremost expert on Sarcophagidae uses ''Sarcophaga'' but has assigned several subgenera, including ''Bercaea''. Some current workers, including Ferrar, use ''Bercaea haemorrhoidalis''.〔Ferrar, P. 1987. A Guide to the Breeding Habits and Immature Stages of Diptera, Cyclorrhapha. (Entomonograph 8.) E. J. Brill, Leiden. Scandinavian Science Press, Copenhagen. 907 pp.〕 ''Sarcophaga'' comes from the Greek (''sarkos''-) meaning 'flesh,' and (''phag'') meaning 'eat.' ''Haemorrhoidalis'' comes from Greek roots (''haemo''-) meaning 'blood,' (''rhoos''-) meaning 'stream' or 'flowing,' and the Latin (''alis'') meaning 'extraordinary.'
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